Kaliy-alyuminiy sulfat
Alyuminiy-kaliy sulfat noorganik birikma, alyuminiy, kaliy va sulfat kislotaning qoʻsh tuzi, oq gigroskopik kristallar, suvda yaxshi eriydi. Kristall gidrat - kaliy aluminiy acchiqtoshni hosil qiladi.
Olinishi
K
2
S
O
4
+
A
l
2
(
S
O
4
)
3
+
24
H
2
O
→
2
K
A
l
(
S
O
4
)
2
⋅
12
H
2
O
{\displaystyle {\mathsf {K_{2}SO_{4}+Al_{2}(SO_{4})_{3}+24H_{2}O\ {\xrightarrow {\ }}\ 2KAl(SO_{4})_{2}\cdot 12H_{2}O}}}
Fizikaviy hossalari
Suvli eritmalardan u kristalli gidrat KAl (SO 4 ) 2 • 12H 2 O shaklida choʻkadi - kubsimon singoniyali rangsiz kristallari, fazoviy guruhi P a3, kristall panjara parametrlari a = 1,2158 nm, erish nuqtasi 92 °C ( oʻzining kristallizatsion suvida).
Kimyoviy xossalari
4
K
A
l
(
S
O
4
)
2
→
800
o
C
2
K
2
S
O
4
+
2
A
l
2
O
3
+
6
S
O
2
+
3
O
2
{\displaystyle {\mathsf {4KAl(SO_{4})_{2}\ {\xrightarrow {800^{o}C}}\ 2K_{2}SO_{4}+2Al_{2}O_{3}+6SO_{2}+3O_{2}}}}
4
K
A
l
(
S
O
4
)
2
⋅
12
H
2
O
→
−
H
2
O
4
K
A
l
(
S
O
4
)
2
⋅
8
H
2
O
→
−
H
2
O
4
K
A
l
(
S
O
4
)
2
⋅
2
H
2
O
→
−
H
2
O
120
o
C
4
K
A
l
(
S
O
4
)
2
{\displaystyle {\mathsf {4KAl(SO_{4})_{2}\cdot 12H_{2}O\ {\xrightarrow[{-H_{2}O}]{}}\ 4KAl(SO_{4})_{2}\cdot 8H_{2}O\ {\xrightarrow[{-H_{2}O}]{}}\ 4KAl(SO_{4})_{2}\cdot 2H_{2}O\ {\xrightarrow[{-H_{2}O}]{120^{o}C}}\ 4KAl(SO_{4})_{2}}}}
[
A
l
(
H
2
O
)
6
]
3
+
+
H
2
O
⇄
[
A
l
(
H
2
O
)
5
(
O
H
)
]
2
+
+
H
3
O
+
{\displaystyle {\mathsf {[Al(H_{2}O)_{6}]^{3+}+H_{2}O\ \rightleftarrows \ [Al(H_{2}O)_{5}(OH)]^{2+}+H_{3}O^{+}}}}
K
A
l
(
S
O
4
)
2
+
3
K
O
H
→
A
l
(
O
H
)
3
+
2
K
2
S
O
4
{\displaystyle {\mathsf {KAl(SO_{4})_{2}+3KOH\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ Al(OH)_{3}+2K_{2}SO_{4}}}}
K
A
l
(
S
O
4
)
2
+
4
K
O
H
→
K
[
A
l
(
O
H
)
4
]
+
2
K
2
S
O
4
{\displaystyle {\mathsf {KAl(SO_{4})_{2}+4KOH\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ K[Al(OH)_{4}]+2K_{2}SO_{4}}}}
K
A
l
(
S
O
4
)
2
+
3
K
O
H
→
100
o
C
A
l
O
(
O
H
)
+
2
K
2
S
O
4
+
H
2
O
{\displaystyle {\mathsf {KAl(SO_{4})_{2}+3KOH\ {\xrightarrow {100^{o}C}}\ AlO(OH)+2K_{2}SO_{4}+H_{2}O}}}
Qo'llanilishi
Adabiyotlar
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